ABSTRACT
A clinical analysis of COVID-19 cases combined with acute respiratory diseases is presented. The aim of the study was to analyze clinical and laboratory data of patients with combined COVID-19 infection. In patient A. infected with SARS-CoV-2 without X-ray confirmation of lung damage, acute tonsillitis, polyadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, moderate leukocytosis, lymphomonocytosis and the presence of reactive lymphocytes were detected. Serological and molecular biological studies were carried out for the purpose of differential diagnosis. A positive test result for IgM antibodies to EBV was obtained. The method of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed EBV DNA in blood plasma. The result of the determination of heterogeneous IgG antibodies to the EBV caspid antigen is negative. Clinical symptoms of the patient with coronavirus infection COVID-19, confirmed by radiological and serological screening, included: fever, sore throat, hyperemia and hypertrophy of the palatine tonsils, hepatomegaly, changes of the cellular composition of the blood. At the same time, the lymph nodes in the neck, chest and abdominal cavity were not enlarged;the presence of reactive lymphocytes and plasma cells was not detected. Serological markers of EBV were also not detected. A PCR test for Epstein-Barr virus DNA was negative.Copyright © 2022 Infectious Diseases: News, Opinions, Training.
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Las manifestaciones cutáneas relacionadas a la infección por el coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, causante de COVID-19, se han descrito entre el 0,2% y 20,4% de las personas que cursan con esta enfermedad. Las más frecuentemente descritas son: lesiones maculopapulares (47%), lesiones acrales eritematosas con vesículas o pústulas (pseudoperniosis) (19%), urticariales (19%), lesiones vesiculosas (9%) y livedo/necrosis (6%). En particular, la pitiriasis rosada es una dermatosis autolimitada de etiología desconocida, sin embargo, se ha visto asociada a la infección por SARS-CoV-2, con algunos reportes de casos en la literatura. El mecanismo fisiopatológico de las lesiones cutáneas en COVID-19 no es claro, y se han planteado algunas teorías, entre las cuales está el papel que juega la enzima convertidora de angiotensina 2 (ACE2) utilizada por el virus para infectar las células, los infiltrados linfocíticos, los depósitos de factores del complemento en la piel, y la reactivación de virus latentes como los herpes virus humanos. Se presenta el caso de una paciente con pitiriasis rosada asociada a COVID-19 y se describen los casos reportados hasta la fecha
Subject(s)
Humans , Pityriasis Rosea , Skin , Skin Manifestations , Urticaria , Coronavirus , Exanthema , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of pomegranate juice intake on the inflammatory status and complete blood count in hospitalized Covid-19 patients. METHODS: This randomized, double-blinded placebo-controlled trial included 48 patients with two parallel arms. In addition to the standard care provided at the hospital, the patients consumed 500 mL of whole pomegranate juice (PJ) daily or a placebo for 14 days. Inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)) and complete blood count were determined at baseline and after the 14 days of intervention. RESULTS: At the end of the intervention, a significant decreased was observed in primary outcomes [mean difference (95 %CI)] including IL-6 [5.24(0.87-9.61)], CRP [23.19(11.93-34.44)] and ESR [10.52(1.54-19.50)] in the PJ group vs. before the intervention. In addition, significant changes were also observed in the some of the secondary outcomes, including neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets, platelets-to-lymphocyte(PLR) and neutrophils-to-lymphocyte (NLR) ratios (p < 0.05) in the PJ group compared to before the intervention. At the end of the intervention period, the mean change of IL-6 [- 7.09(-12.21 to - 1.96)], white blood cells [- 3.09(- 6.14 to - 0.05)], neutrophils [- 9.12(-18.08 to -0.15)], lymphocyte [7.05(0.17-13.92)], platelets [- 94.54(- 139.33 to - 49.75)], PLR [- 15.99(- 29.31 to - 2.67)], blood oxygen saturation [1.75(0.13-3.37)] and MCV [0.31(- 0.25 to 0.88)] levels were significantly different between groups while no difference was observed between the two groups in other blood indices. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that pomegranate juice intake might slightly improve the inflammatory status and CBC outcomes of COVID-19 patients and it may be beneficial.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Pomegranate , Humans , Pomegranate/metabolism , Interleukin-6 , C-Reactive Protein/metabolism , Lymphocytes/metabolism , Adjuvants, ImmunologicABSTRACT
Since the late 2020's it was anticipated that the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus would stay with us indefinitely, but there was hope that we would be able to combat it at some point effectively so that it would not produce the severe illness and death that we were seeing at that time. The pandemic has continued with this coronavirus continually modifying itself to enter the human body more easily. The Omicron variant preferentially infects the upper respiratory tract. And some of its mutations appear to affect parts of the spike protein that bind to ACE2. One of the latest subvariants of the variants, BA.212.1, infects more people more rapidly, although cases of severe infection and deaths have declined considerably. The following is a summary of what has been known in this first quarter of the year 2022 about the particularities of the virus, how it infects and its consequences, the protection of vaccination, what's new about the pregnant woman and her newborn, and whether there is any good side to the occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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The new Coronavirus infection (COVI D-19) pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has many times surpassed the epidemic caused by SARS-CoV. The reason for this is the presence of amino acid sequences in the peptide chain of the SARS-CoV-2 S-protein that ensure interaction with a wider range of receptors on the host cell surface. The review considers both already known receptors common to SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 and new receptors specific to SARS-CoV-2. © 2022 Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Archaeology. All rights reserved.
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The devastating COVID 19 Pandemic, which set an outbreak by the end of 2019, has led the whole world into an alarming situation. So, considering the need of the time, we decided to put some light on the important aspects of the pandemic. Here we have discussed the different coronaviruses which can affect humans and also how this new coronavirus is different than the previously identified coronaviruses. In general, SARS CoV-2 is elaborated along with origin, virology, and transmission. The disease (COVID 19) is studied and briefed for its prognosis and symptoms and as to how the detection of the infection is done. As we know that we have not found any full proof solution for this outbreak but can fight it to save mankind, the need for new drug development and the current scenario on available options is discussed along with how the world is combatting the situation to stop its spread. Also, the common myths among the public about the disease are busted here. The paper is concluded with the current statistics of the outbreak. The purpose of this paper is to provide the general public with some know-how of the pandemic.Copyright © 2021 Bentham Science Publishers.
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The severe consequences and high mortality of COVID-19 prompted the development of a wide range of preventive vaccines. The first vaccines to be tested were developed in China and formulated as inactivated SARS-CoV-2 adsorbed on aluminium hydroxide. One of the quality indicators for inactivated adsorbed vaccines is the degree of adsorption, which can be used to control the content not only of non-adsorbed antigen, but also of specific antigen in one dose of a vaccine. The aim of the study was to investigate the possibility of desorbing SARS-CoV-2 antigen from formulated adsorbed vaccines and the possibility of measuring its concentration using the BioScan-SARS-CoV-2 (S) ELISA kit for SARS-CoV-2 S-protein content determination. Material(s) and Method(s): the study used four batches of BBIBP-CorV by CNBG, Sinopharm (China) and three batches of CoronaVac by Sinovac Biotech (China). The authors desorbed SARS-CoV-2 S antigen in accordance with monograph FS.3.3.1.0029.15 of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation edition XIV (Ph. Rus.), and quantified it using the BioScan-SARS-CoV-2 (S) ELISA kit by Bioservice Biotechnology Co. Ltd. (Russia). Result(s): mean S-antigen concentrations in the desorbed samples ranged from 61 to 129 ng/mL for BBIBP-CorV and from 461 to 533 ng/mL for CoronaVac. Conclusion(s): the study demonstrated the possibility of specific SARS-CoV-2 antigen desorption from the surface of aluminium hydroxide using the Ph. Rus. method, as well as the possibility of S-antigen quantification in desorbed medicinal products and supernatants using the BioScan-SARS-CoV-2 (S) ELISA kit. The authors observed 3.6- to 8.7-fold difference between the S-antigen concentrations of the desorbed preparations by the two manufacturers.Copyright © 2023 Safety and Risk of Pharmacotherapy. All rights reserved.
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The study of coronaviruses, including those capable of causing life-threatening diseases, continued for many decades. So did the study of interferons, as well as acridine acetic acid, which is a powerful interferon inducer. For a long time, both directions of research developed in parallel to each other. However, the discovery of SARS-CoV and the creation of Cycloferon based on acridine acetic acid made both research directions converge. To date, the abundance of factual and theoretical tenets is enough to estimate the potential effectiveness of acridine acetic acid against COVID-19.Copyright © Team of Authors, 2022.
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Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic represents a major health issue caused by SARS CoV2, a human coronavirus. Since the outbreak of this pandemic, the literature on SARS CoV-2 has grown differentially, with increased awareness of extra-respiratory symptoms, including neurological symptoms. Method(s): Review based on studies published from December 2019 to June 2020. Results and Discussion: This review discusses the neurological aspect of SARS CoV2, including the suggested mechanism involved. Neurological disorders are cited in addition to emerging experimental models with viral involvement. Conclusion(s): There is a need for further investigation to clarify how it can lead to the onset of acute and chronic neurological disorders, mentioning the importance of experimental studies in neuropsy-chopharmacology.Copyright © 2022 Bentham Science Publishers.
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In this paper we consider the effect of heliogeophysical activity on the COVID-19 epidemic associated with the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in Moscow. An analysis of official data on the course of the pandemic has provided evidence of the effect of heliogeophysical activity on the spread of an infectious disease. The pandemic arose during the winter when solar activity was minimal and ultraviolet radiation was at its lowest. The study showed a significant relation between the infectious process and geomagnetic activity: periods of outbreaks in the number of infections and deaths correlated with periods of a decrease in geomagnetic activity lasting several months. The impact of magnetospheric storms and substorms on the human body during a pandemic is also considered. It is shown that, during the minimum of solar activity during periods of geomagnetic disturbances lasting from one to several days, both the number of infections and the number of deaths additionally and statistically significantly increase. Evidence of a direct or indirect effect of solar activity on the occurrence of outbreaks of infectious diseases is important from the viewpoint of understanding the emergence and development of epidemics.
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Elective operations were significantly reduced in order to eliminate, as much as possible, the risks of SARS -CoV-2 virus infection for both patients and medical personnel and to leave the clinical facilities and intensive care available for access to COVID patients. We looked at the total number of patients treated for skin cancer surgery at both hospitals from the March 23, 2020 till the May 28, 2020, the demographic characteristics, the medical comorbidities, the pathologies operated on in day surgery regimens of care and the surgical outcomes. With regards to the site, more than one third of the patients were treated at a private hospital setting. Among the surgery complications identified there was one graft failure following excision of scalp lesion which histology confirmed regressed keratoacanthoma. Moreover, three infections associated with the lesions excised occurred and were treated with antibiotics. With regards to morbidity there was only one covid-19 infection among the patients that attended for skin cancer surgery and two deaths. The utilization of Covid-free locations, other than NHS hospitals, for elective surgery improved the efficiency of the service and together with the practical steps in theatre management and minimizing footfall, allowed the successful continuation of care during the pandemic.Copyright © 2021
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Objective. To improve perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with a new coronavirus infection COVID-19 by optimizing diagnostic, therapeutic, and prophylactic measures. Material and methods. The course of pregnancy, labor and perinatal outcomes were studied in 70 patients with COVID-19 during the present pregnancy who were delivered at the Moscow Regional Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology (MORRIOG). The patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the timing of their visit to the outpatient department of MORRIOG: Group 1 comprised 45 pregnant women with new-onset coronavirus infection in the first to second trimesters of gestation, with subsequent presentation and follow-up at the MORRIOG outpatient department;Group 2 comprised 25 pregnant women who had new-on-set coronavirus (NCD) infection during gestation and presented to the outpatient department before delivery. In addition to a general clinical examination, all pregnant women underwent an extended haemostatic analysis, including a thrombodynamic test. Results. Analysis of the findings showed that hypercoagulable changes in the hemostatic system were observed in pregnant women with COVID-19 infection during gestation, but standard hemostatic tests did not reflect the characteristic postinfectional changes compared with the results of an extended coagulation potential study using the thrombodynamics test. Hypercoagulative changes were revealed irrespective of the severity of the COVID-19, which could be due to the combination of several risk factors and the presence of concomitant extragenital diseases. Conclusion. The most favorable gestational outcome in patients who have suffered a COVID-19 infection during pregnancy depends on the timely of the detection of hemostasis abnormalities after comprehensive examination and on the composition of available pathogenetic therapy. Rational anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy under control of the coagulation parameters and achievement of normalization of coagulation tests result in a significant reduction in adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes. © 2023, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
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Objective. To improve perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with a new coronavirus infection COVID-19 by optimizing diagnostic, therapeutic, and prophylactic measures. Material and methods. The course of pregnancy, labor and perinatal outcomes were studied in 70 patients with COVID-19 during the present pregnancy who were delivered at the Moscow Regional Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology (MORRIOG). The patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the timing of their visit to the outpatient department of MORRIOG: Group 1 comprised 45 pregnant women with new-onset coronavirus infection in the first to second trimesters of gestation, with subsequent presentation and follow-up at the MORRIOG outpatient department;Group 2 comprised 25 pregnant women who had new-on-set coronavirus (NCD) infection during gestation and presented to the outpatient department before delivery. In addition to a general clinical examination, all pregnant women underwent an extended haemostatic analysis, including a thrombodynamic test. Results. Analysis of the findings showed that hypercoagulable changes in the hemostatic system were observed in pregnant women with COVID-19 infection during gestation, but standard hemostatic tests did not reflect the characteristic postinfectional changes compared with the results of an extended coagulation potential study using the thrombodynamics test. Hypercoagulative changes were revealed irrespective of the severity of the COVID-19, which could be due to the combination of several risk factors and the presence of concomitant extragenital diseases. Conclusion. The most favorable gestational outcome in patients who have suffered a COVID-19 infection during pregnancy depends on the timely of the detection of hemostasis abnormalities after comprehensive examination and on the composition of available pathogenetic therapy. Rational anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy under control of the coagulation parameters and achievement of normalization of coagulation tests result in a significant reduction in adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes. © 2023, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
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Vaccine hesitancy and uptake have been important issues in controlling the current COVID-19 pandemic in many regions around the globe, but the increase in vaccination rates has been slow or even halted in some countries. Therefore, people who have hesitated in getting the vaccine need to be addressed. One driver influencing vaccination uptake is closing the knowledge gap among the public by equipping them with a deeper understanding of how a vaccine works inside our cells to activate the immune system and develop immunity. Viral immunology is highly conceptual and requires an appreciation of molecular biology in the cell. To give individuals an intuitive awareness of the operation of a mRNA-type virus vaccine for COVID-19, we designed and developed a Virtual Reality (VR) based serious game called 'Cell Traveler'. Through this innovative VR serious game, the player can control and interact with a sequence of critical real-life events inside a cell triggered by the injected mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. In this paper, we describe the prototype of the 'Cell Traveler'. We utilize the concepts of serious game to create an experience to encourage students and the public to develop deeper mRNA vaccine knowledge through a memorable and fun experience. © 2022 IEEE.
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A clinical analysis of COVID-19 cases combined with acute respiratory diseases is presented. The aim of the study was to analyze clinical and laboratory data of patients with combined COVID–19 infection. In patient A. infected with SARS-CoV-2 without X-ray confirmation of lung damage, acute tonsillitis, polyadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, moderate leukocytosis, lymphomonocytosis and the presence of reactive lymphocytes were detected. Serological and molecular biological studies were carried out for the purpose of differential diagnosis. A positive test result for IgM antibodies to EBV was obtained. The method of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed EBV DNA in blood plasma. The result of the determination of heterogeneous IgG antibodies to the EBV caspid antigen is negative. Clinical symptoms of the patient with coronavirus infection COVID-19, confirmed by radiological and serological screening, included: fever, sore throat, hyperemia and hypertrophy of the palatine tonsils, hepatomegaly, changes of the cellular composition of the blood. At the same time, the lymph nodes in the neck, chest and abdominal cavity were not enlarged;the presence of reactive lymphocytes and plasma cells was not detected. Serological markers of EBV were also not detected. A PCR test for Epstein–Barr virus DNA was negative. © 2022 Infectious Diseases: News, Opinions, Training.
ABSTRACT
The new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has many times surpassed the epidemic caused by SARS-CoV. The reason for this is the presence of amino acid sequences in the peptide chain of the SARS-CoV-2 S-protein that ensure interaction with a wider range of receptors on the host cell surface. The review considers both already known receptors common to SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 and new receptors specific to SARS-CoV-2.
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The present study aims to provide a critical overview of the literature on the relationships between post-acute COVID-19 infection and cognitive impairment, highlighting the limitations and confounding factors. A systematic search of articles published from 1 January 2020 to 1 July 2022 was performed in PubMed/Medline. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Only studies using validated instruments for the assessment of cognitive impairment were included. Out of 5515 screened records, 72 studies met the inclusion criteria. The available evidence revealed the presence of impairment in executive functions, speed of processing, attention and memory in subjects recovered from COVID-19. However, several limitations of the literature reviewed should be highlighted: most studies were performed on small samples, not stratified by severity of disease and age, used as a cross-sectional or a short-term longitudinal design and provided a limited assessment of the different cognitive domains. Few studies investigated the neurobiological correlates of cognitive deficits in individuals recovered from COVID-19. Further studies with an adequate methodological design are needed for an in-depth characterization of cognitive impairment in individuals recovered from COVID-19.
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Over the past few years, the attention of the whole world has been riveted to the emergence of new dangerous strains of viruses, among which a special place is occupied by coronaviruses that have overcome the interspecies barrier in the past 20 years: SARS viruses (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), as well as a new coronavirus infection (SARS-CoV-2), which caused the largest pandemic since the Spanish flu in 1918. Coronaviruses are members of a class of enveloped viruses that have a lipoprotein envelope. This class also includes such serious pathogens as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis, Ebola virus, influenza, etc. Despite significant differences in the clinical picture of the course of disease caused by enveloped viruses, they themselves have a number of characteristic features, which determine their commonality. Regardless of the way of penetration into the cell-by endocytosis or direct fusion with the cell membrane-enveloped viruses are characterized by the following stages of interaction with the target cell: binding to receptors on the cell surface, interaction of the surface glycoproteins of the virus with the membrane structures of the infected cell, fusion of the lipid envelope of the virion with plasma or endosomal membrane, destruction of the protein capsid and its dissociation from the viral nucleoprotein. Subsequently, within the infected cell, the newly synthesized viral proteins must self-assemble on various membrane structures to form a progeny virion. Thus, both the initial stages of viral infection and the assembly and release of new viral particles are associated with the activity of viral proteins in relation to the cell membrane and its organelles. This review is devoted to the analysis of physicochemical mechanisms of functioning of the main structural proteins of a number of enveloped viruses in order to identify possible strategies for the membrane activity of such proteins at various stages of viral infection of the cell.
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The objective: to study clinical and laboratory specific parameters of the COVID-19 course in patients with TB/HIV co-infection, to analyze changes in the lungs caused by COVID-19 in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and concurrent HIV infection. Subjects and Methods. 68 HIV-infected patients aged 18-66 years old were included in the study, they all were admitted to the Novosibirsk State Regional Clinical Tuberculosis Hospital, Novosibirsk, with confirmed COVID-19 from May 2020 to May 2021. Clinical manifestations, CD4 count and HIV RNA level, and the presence of secondary infections were assessed. Results. In patients with severe and profound immunodeficiency, coronavirus infection was more often mild to moderate, and in immunocompetent patients - moderate to severe. However, patients with profound immunodeficiency were at greater risk of an adverse outcome due to lymphohematogenic progression of tuberculosis and concurrent opportunistic infections. Conclusion. When diagnosing and treating COVID-19 in patients with comorbid HIV infection and tuberculosis, it is important to consider the form of tuberculosis and CD4+ count. © 2022 New Terra Publishing House. All rights reserved.
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The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has become a great challenge for health and for university education since currently, universities are closed and have chosen to continue their activities virtually, of this research is to determine which are the alternatives or pedagogical challenges in dentistry from face-to-face education to virtual or teleodontology in the development of learning. Methodology. For this review article, articles in electronic format were consulted including research papers published in sources such as PubMed, SciElo, Google Scholar. A selection was made in January 2021 of articles published on this topic, an integrative review of the literature on tele education or tele odontology in times of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic was carried out.. The current article is characterized by being a documentary review, a documentary review is a technique where written information on a certain topic is collected. In this sense, in view of the fact that it was started from a theoretical exploration on the subject in question, it is organized from an introduction, a body of exhibition that refers to alternatives, pedagogical challenges, educational actors and virtual learning, so it has not been necessary to do a description of each of the articles, since all were cited, analyzed and referenced. The tele odontology as an integral field of knowledge in telemedicine has evolved, with special emphasis on interactive tele-education, tele-assistance and research production. tele odontology is definitely here to stay and with no intention of going back beyond the SARS-COVID-19 pandemic.